Triple Helix Collaboration Model for Improving the Performance of Socio-Economic Empowerment Programs for Traditional Fishing Families in Medang Deras
Keywords:
Triple Helix Collaboration, Coastal Fishermen Empowerment, Participatory Action Research, Household Waste InnovationAbstract
Fishermen empowerment programs have thus far failed to sustainably improve the socio-economic conditions of fishing families. According to data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) in 2023, the national poverty rate remains at 9.36%, far from the 0% poverty target set for 2024, with 70% of the poor population residing in coastal areas, most of whom are engaged in fishing. This failure is attributed to the government's lack of preparedness in understanding the actual conditions of coastal communities, as well as the absence of coordination with innovative university research in the design of empowerment programs. The gap between key actors has rendered intervention efforts less effective. This study aims to integrate the Triple Helix collaboration model as an innovative approach to improve the performance of socio-economic empowerment programs for traditional fishing families by utilizing local waste potential into calcium-based product innovation. The research was conducted in two hamlets of Nelayan Village, Medang Deras Subdistrict, Batubara Regency, North Sumatra, using a social engineering approach through the Participatory Action Research method over one year. The intervention involved mentoring and knowledge transfer through socialization, focus group discussions (FGDs), and training for fisher households. The findings show that the majority of fishers live in conditions of structural poverty, with daily incomes below IDR 50,000 and trapped in debt cycles with middlemen. The training and mentoring intervention on coastal waste processing into calcium-based product innovation successfully led to the formation of innovation-based fisher groups, formalized through the signing of an Institutional Arrangement (IA) with the subdistrict government, which was subsequently adopted as a policy. This study not only presents a contextually relevant collaborative model but also offers a prototype of an empowerment system that is collaborative, circular, and rooted in local needs and potential.
Downloads
References
Aisyah, D., & Sontang, M. (2022). Profil Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga Nelayan Tradisional Untuk Penyediaan Data Program Pemberdayaan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir Di Desa Nelayan Kecamatan Medang Deras Kabupaten Batu Bara. Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial Dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology), 8(1), 59–74.
Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
Arundel, A., Bloch, C., & Ferguson, B. (2019). Advancing innovation in the public sector: Aligning innovation measurement with policy goals. Research Policy, 48(3), 789–798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.12.001
Borrás, S., Haakonsson, S., Hendriksen, C., Gerli, F., Poulsen, R. T., Pallesen, T., Somavilla Croxatto, L., Kugelberg, S., & Larsen, H. (2024). The transformative capacity of public sector organisations in sustainability transitions. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2024.100904
Bovaird, T., & Loeffler, E. (2012). From Engagement to Co-production: The Contribution of Users and Communities to Outcomes and Public Value. Voluntas, 23(4), 1119–1138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-012-9309-6
Cahaya, A. (2015). Fishermen Community in the Coastal Area : A Note from Indonesian Poor Family. Procedia Economics and Finance, 26(15), 29–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00801-1
Cai, Y., & Lattu, A. (2022). Triple Helix or Quadruple Helix : Which Model of Innovation to Choose for Empirical Studies ? Minerva, 60(2), 257–280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11024-021-09453-6
Chataway, J., & Hanlin, R. (2013). Inclusive Innovation : An Architecture for Policy Development I nnovation K nowledge D evelopment. Innovation and Development, March. https://doi.org/10.1080/2157930X.2013.876800
Cobo-Gómez, J. C. (2024). Social innovation in university-community partnerships in Latin America: Exploring collaborative models. Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stae.2023.100061
Crosby, B. C., ‘t Hart, P., & Torfing, J. (2017). Public value creation through collaborative innovation. Public Management Review, 19(5), 655–669. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2016.1192165
Edwards, R. W., Jumper-Thurman, P., Plested, B. A., Oetting, E. R., & Swanson, L. (2000). The Community Readiness Model: Research to Practice Ruth. Journal of Community Psychology, 28(3), 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6629(200005)28
Figenschou, T., Li-ying, J., Tanner, A., & Bogers, M. (2025). Open innovation in the public sector: A literature review on actors and boundaries. Technovation, 131(2024), 102940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2023.102940
García-Lorenzo, I., Varela-Lafuente, M., Garza-Gil, M. D., & Sumaila, U. R. (2024). Social and solidarity economy in small-scale fisheries: An international analysis. Ocean and Coastal Management, 253(April), 107166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107166
Ginting, B. (2018). Poverty of Traditional Fisherman Percut Village Percut Sei Tuan District Deli Serdang District. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 141(ICOPOSDev 2017), 304–308. https://doi.org/10.2991/icoposdev-17.2018.63
Ginting, J. H., Anwar, H., & Afrida, A. (2024). Unraveling cultural economies and power dynamics : an in-depth anthropological study of anchovy fishing in north sumatran coastal commumity. BIO Web of Conferences, 06008, 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413606008
Guenduez, A. A., Frischknecht, R., Frowein, S. C. J., & Schedler, K. (2024). Government-university collaboration on smart city and smart government projects: What are the success factors? Cities, 144(October 2023), 104648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104648
Hamelin, K. M., Charles, A. T., & Bailey, M. (2024). Community knowledge as a cornerstone for fisheries management. Ecology and Society, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-14552-290126
Hartley, J. (2005). Innovation in governance and public services: Past and present. Public Money and Management, 25(1), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9302.2005.00447.x
Hawkins, J. C., & Al Hudib, A. (2013). Book Reviews / Comptes Rendus De Livres. The Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation, 28(2), 119–121.
Hilmawan, R., Aprianti, Y., Yudaruddin, R., Anggraini Bintoro, R. F., Suharsono, Fitrianto, Y., & Wahyuningsih, N. (2023). Public sector innovation in local government and its impact on development outcomes: Empirical evidence in Indonesia. Heliyon, 9(12), e22833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22833
Ivey, O., & Borchardt, R. (2024). Community Partners , Impactful Outputs For Scholars : Leveraging Scholarly Communication Community-Based Research Journals. Michigan Journal Of Community Service Learning, 30(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3998/mjcsl.3682
Ivone J. Kondoy Arie J. Rorong, Kolondam, H. F. (2022). Pemberdayaan Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir Di Kelurahan Kasawari Kecamatan Aertembaga Kota Bitung. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, VIII(120), 21–29.
Jennings, V., San Antonio, K. M., Brown, M. J., Choice, L., Simpson, Q., Ford, I., Cho, H. J., Solis, P., Lacey, A., & Robinson, D. (2024). Place-Based Conservation in Coastal and Marine Ecosystems: The Importance of Engagement with Underrepresented Communities. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(22), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229965
Kabeer, N. (2012). Women ’ s economic empowerment and inclusive growth : labour markets and enterprise development. 1–65.
Kisambira, A., Khadijah, B., & M, A. A. M. (2024). The Role of University Community Engagement Programs in Influencing Higher Education Outcomes and Community Development : An Insight from The Role of University Community Engagement Programs in Influencing Higher Education Outcomes and Community Developme. Extensive Review, 4(September). https://doi.org/10.21467/exr.4.1.8028
Masuda, H., Kawakubo, S., Okitasari, M., & Morita, K. (2022). Exploring the role of local governments as intermediaries to facilitate partnerships for the Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainable Cities and Society, 82(March), 103883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103883
Maximilian Espuny, J. S. da M. R. 1, 1, E. C. B. G., 1, A. B. T. R., , Ana Carolina Ferreira Costa 1, C. F. P. 2, & Oliveira, and O. J. de. (2025). The Role of the Triple Helix Model in Promoting the Circular Economy : The Role of the Triple Helix Model in Promoting the Circular Economy : Government-Led Integration Strategies and Practical Application. Recycling, March. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling10020050
McGill, E., Er, V., Penney, T., Egan, M., White, M., Meier, P., Whitehead, M., Lock, K., Anderson de Cuevas, R., Smith, R., Savona, N., Rutter, H., Marks, D., de Vocht, F., Cummins, S., Popay, J., & Petticrew, M. (2021). Evaluation of public health interventions from a complex systems perspective: A research methods review. Social Science and Medicine, 272, 113697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113697
Murillo-Luna, J. L., & Hernández-Trasobares, A. (2023). Cooperation with the Triple Helix and corporate environmental innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 384(November 2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135479
Nainggolan, H. L., Tampubolon, M. M., Ginting, A., Tampubolon, Y. R., Tabah, S., & Panjaitan, T. (2024). ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN KETAHANAN PANGAN NELAYAN TRADISIONAL DI KOTA SIBOLGA , PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA Analysis of Income and Food Security of Traditional Fishermen in Sibolga City , North Sumatra Province. Saintek Perikanan: Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology, 21(4), 214–221.
Nilson, R., Rand, J., Hoen, B., & Elmallah, S. (2024). Halfway up the ladder: Developer practices and perspectives on community engagement for utility-scale renewable energy in the United States. Energy Research and Social Science, 117(July), 103706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2024.103706
Novira, N., Arif, M., Yenny, N., Siregar, N. S., & Permata, D. (2024). The Underlying Causes of Poverty among Fisherman in Deli Serdang Regency. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 13(2), 330–339.
Perkmann, M., Salandra, R., Tartari, V., McKelvey, M., & Hughes, A. (2021). Academic engagement: A review of the literature 2011-2019. Research Policy, 50(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104114
Puteh, D. A. A., & Sa’at, N. H. (2014). KEBERKESANAN BANTUAN KERAJAAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN TARAF SOSIOEKONOMI KOMUNITI NELAYAN: KAJIAN KES NELAYAN MUARA PANTAI TIMUR. Prosiding Malaysian Social Conference. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu.
Raman, R., Alka, T. A., Suresh, M., & Nedungadi, P. (2025). Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship Social entrepreneurship and sustainable technologies : Impact on communities , social innovation , and inclusive development. Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, 4(3), 100110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stae.2025.100110
Ramenzoni, V. C. (2021). Co-governance, Transregional Maritime Conventions, and Indigenous Customary Practices Among Subsistence Fishermen in Ende, Indonesia. Sec. Marine Conservation and Sustainability, 9(2), 35–43. https://doi.org/doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.668586 Edited
Ramírez, R., & Brodhead, D. (2013). Utilization Focused Evaluation A primer for evaluators. Southbound Sdn. Bhd. Suite 20F, Northam House, 55 Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, George Town, 10050 Penang, Malaysia.
Reed, M. S., Ferré, M., Martin-Ortega, J., Blanche, R., Lawford-Rolfe, R., Dallimer, M., & Holden, J. (2021). Evaluating impact from research: A methodological framework. Research Policy, 50(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104147
Salleh, K. M., & Sulaiman, N. L. (2020). Reforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training ( TVET ) on Workplace Learning and Skills Development. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(5), 2964–2967. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.E6553.018520
Sulistiyani, A. T., Aisyah, D., Mamat, I., & Sontang, M. (2016). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pemanfaatan Limbah Tulang Ikan untuk Produk Hidroksiapatit (Hydroxyapatite/HA) Kajian di Pabrik Pengolahan Kerupuk Lekor Kuala Terengganu-Malaysia. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement), 2(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpkm.22086
Taeihagh, A. (2017). Crowdsourcing: a new tool for policy-making? Policy Sciences, 50(4), 629–647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-017-9303-3
Tambusay Effendy, M. D., & Aisyah, D. (2024). Diagnosing Organizational Accountability for Inclusive Public Service ( A Case Study Using the Burke – Litwin Transformational Framework ). Journal of Public Administration Studies, 9(2), 35–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpas.2024.009.02.5
Tarabichi, H., Schildt, H., & Kodeih, F. (2025). Public sector innovation through nested experimental spaces: Reinventing the immigrant integration system. Research Policy, 54(6), 105255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2025.105255
Tusana Nurul Safaah, Nunik Mulyandari, Budi Satriyanto, & Karyoto Karyoto. (2024). Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi dan Mekanisme Pemberdayaan Nelayan Tangkap. Zoologi: Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan, Ilmu Perikanan, Ilmu Kedokteran Hewan, 2(2), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.62951/zoologi.v2i2.36
Wahyuningsih, S., Haviana, E., Pratiwi, I. W., Utomo, B., & Ramdhani, R. (2024). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Melalui Kegiatan Kesadaran Melek Berwirausaha. Community Development Journal : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 5(3), 4579–4586.
Wamsler, C., & Raggers, S. (2018). Principles for supporting city–citizen commoning for climate adaptation: From adaptation governance to sustainable transformation. Environmental Science and Policy, 85(April), 81–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.03.021
Yudiatmaja, W. E., Kristanti, D., Prastya, I. Y., Yudithia, Y., Samnuzulsari, T., Suyito, S., & Safitri, D. P. (2021). Social policy on the rural coastal communities: Why the implementation fails? E3S Web of Conferences, 232, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123202006
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2025 Dara Aisyah, Muhammad Sontang Sihotang, M Deny Effendy Tambusay
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
